Why Texas Invasives?
A host of plants
and animals from exotic places with exotic names (Emerald ash borer,
Formosan termite, Asian long-horned beetle, Japanese climbing fern,
and Asian dodder) threaten the health of Texas’ native ecosystems,
yet few people know that these pests and pathogens are already present
or standing at our door step.
Why do we care?
Invasive species are a
form of biological pollution. Invasive species decrease biodiversity
by
threatening
the
survival of native plants and animals. They interfere with ecosystem
function by changing important processes like fire, nutrient flow,
and flooding. Invasive species hybridize with native species resulting
in negative genetic impacts.
Invasive species spread easily in today's
modern global network of commerce and are difficult and costly to control.
Invasives
impede industries and
threaten agriculture and can endanger human health. Invasive species
are a significant threat to almost half of the native US species
currently listed as federally endangered.
The costs to prevent, monitor
and control invasive species are enormous not to mention the costs
to crop damage, fisheries, forests, and
other resources. Invasives cost the US $137 billion annually. Some
of the
most invasive and harmful species cost in excess of $100 million
each annually.
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Triadica
sebifera (L.) Small - Chinese tallowtree
is native to China and Japan. It was introduced into the United States
in the 1700’s in South Carolina. It was distributed in the Gulf Coast
in the 1900’s by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in an attempt
to establish a soap making industry. |
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Hydrilla
verticillata (L. f.)
Royle - Hydrilla was first introduced into North America in the mid to
late fifties by the aquarium trade. California officials have also traced
hydrilla infestations to shipments of mail order waterlilies. Once introduced
and established, hydrilla is easily spread through boating and fishing
activities and by waterfowl. Hydrilla tubers are readily consumed and regurgitated
tubers have been shown to be viable. |
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