Synonym(s): Ligustrum villosum
Family: Oleaceae (Olive Family)
Duration and Habit: Perennial Shrub
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Evergreen shrub with spreading branches. An escape from cultivation, found near streams and in old fencerows. Young twigs covered with fine hairs visible under a l0x hand lens. Leaves opposite, with short petioles; blades up to 2 inches long, ovate to elliptic, usually rounded at the tip, sometimes with a small notch, tapering to the base, and with smooth margins. Flowers white, fragrant, about 3/8 inch wide, borne in narrow clusters up to 4 inches long, appearing from March to May. Fruit berrylike, bluish black, 1/4 inch long by 3/16 inch wide, in clusters that bend down the branchlets bearing them, and hanging on into winter.
Native Lookalikes: Currently no information available here yet, or there are no native Texas species that could be confused with Chinese privet.
Ecological Threat: Aggressive and troublesome invasives, often forming dense thickets, particularly in bottom-land forests and along fencerows, thus gaining access to forests, fields, and right-of-ways.
Biology & Spread: Colonize by root sprouts and spread widely by abundant bird- and other animal-dispersed seeds.
History: Chinese privet was introduced into the United States in the early 1852 as an ornamental.
U.S. Habitat: Aggressive and troublesome invasives, often forming dense thickets, particularly in bottom-land forests and along fencerows, thus gaining access to forests, fields, and right-of-ways. Shade tolerant. Colonize by root sprouts and spread widely by abundant bird- and other animal-dispersed seeds.
U.S. Nativity: Introduced to U.S.
Native Origin: China
U.S. Present: AL, AR, CT, FL, GA, KY, LA, MA, MD, MO, MS, NC, NJ, OK, PR, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA
Distribution in Texas: Chinese and Japanese privet are found in the Southeast and Midwest.
Invaders of Texas Map: Ligustrum sinense
EDDMapS: Ligustrum sinense
USDA Plants Texas County Map: Ligustrum sinense
List All Observations of Ligustrum sinense reported by Citizen Scientists
Chemical: Foliar application with one of the following herbicides in water with a surfactant (August to December):
Glyphosate herbicide as a 3-percent solution (12 ounces per 3-gallon mix)
Arsenal AC* as a 1-percent solution (4 ounces per 3-gallon mix).
For stems too tall for foliar sprays, apply Garlon 4 as a 20-percent solution in commercially available basal oil, diesel fuel, or kerosene (2.5 quarts per 3-gallon mix) with a penetrant (check with herbicide distributor) to young bark as a basal spray.
Cut Stump approach: Cut large stems and immediately treat the stumps with Arsenal AC* or Velpar L* as a 10-percent solution in water (1 quart per 3-gallon mix) with a surfactant. When safety to surrounding vegetation is desired, immediately treat stumps and cut stems with Garlon 3A or a glyphosate herbicide as a 20-percent solution in water (2.5 quarts per 3-gallon mix) with a surfactant.
Bailey, L.H. and E.Z. Bailey. 1977. Hortus Third: A Concise Dictionary of Plants Cultivated in the United States and Canada, MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc., New York.
Miller, James H. 2003. Nonnative invasive plants of southern forests: a field guide for identification and control. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-62. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 93 p.
Alfred Rehder. 1967. Manual of Cultivated Trees and Shrubs: Hardy in North America, The MacMillan Co., New York.
Swearingen, J., K. Reshetiloff, B. Slattery, and S. Zwicker. 2002. Plant Invaders of Mid-Atlantic Natural Areas. National Park Service and U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 82 pp.
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