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Federal Noxious Weed
TDA Noxious Weed
TPWD Prohibited Exotic Species
Invasive Plant Atlas of the US

NOTE: means species is on that list.

Nandina domestica


Heavenly bamboo

Synonym(s):
Family: Berberidaceae (Barberry Family)
Duration and Habit: Perennial Shrub


Photographer: Forest & Kim Starr
Source: USGS

Description

Evergreen erect shrub in the barberry family (Berberidaceae) that grows to a height of 6-10 feet and width of 3 to 5 feet (Other cultivars including dwarf nandina are shorter in height). The plant has multiple bushy cane-like stems that resemble bamboo. The alternate leaves are bi-pinnately compound dividing into many 1 to 2-inch, pointed, oval leaflets. Young foliage is often pinkish, and then turns to soft light green. The foliage can be tinged red in winter. Early summer terminal clusters of tiny white-to-pink flowers. Each flower is 1?4 to 1?2 inch across, appearing in loose, erect, 6 to 12 inch clusters at the end of the branches. If plants are grouped, shiny red spherical berries, 1/3 inch in diameter, follow the flowers in fall and winter. Single plants seldom fruit heavily.

Native Lookalikes: Currently no information available here yet, or there are no native Texas species that could be confused with Heavenly bamboo.

Ecological Threat: Nandina has naturalized and invaded habitats. It colonizes by spreading underground root sprouts and by animal-dispersed seeds. It can persist as a seedling for several years before maturing. It can displace native species and disrupt plant communities. Berries are can be toxic to cats and some grazing animals.

Biology & Spread: It spreads both vegetatively through underground sprouts from roots and by seeds.

History: Nandina has been in cultivation for centuries. Introduced from eastern Asia and India in the early 1800s. Widely planted as an ornamental, now escaped and spreading from around old homes.

U.S. Habitat: It grows in full sun to shade and prefers reasonably rich soil but does not thrive in sand. It occurs under forest canopies and near forest edges.

Distribution

U.S. Nativity: Introduced to U.S.

Native Origin: C. China to Japan (Alfred Rehder, Manual of Cultivated Trees and Shrubs: Hardy in North America, The MacMillan Co., New York (1967)), NatureServe Explorer

U.S. Present: AL, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC, SC, TX, VA

Distribution in Texas:

Mapping

Invaders of Texas Map: Nandina domestica
EDDMapS: Nandina domestica
USDA Plants Texas County Map: Nandina domestica

Invaders of Texas Observations

List All Observations of Nandina domestica reported by Citizen Scientists

Native Alternatives

Management



Manual- It is difficult to remove manually because even the smallest piece of root will re-sprout.

Chemical- It can be effectively controlled using any of several readily available general use herbicides such as glyphosate or triclopyr. For tall plants, cut stems then apply herbicide. Collect and destroy fruit. Repeat applications may be necessary to reduce densities. Follow label and state requirements. Managers should evaluate the specific circumstances of each infestation, seek professional advice and guidance if necessary, and use the herbicide in a manner that is consistent with the product label and other state requirements

Natural pests- Plants are bothered by scale and mites. Leaf spot diseases often cause the lower leaves to drop from the plant in the humid regions. The disease appears to be most severe on plants grown in partial shade where the foliage can remain wet.

USE PESTICIDES WISELY: ALWAYS READ THE ENTIRE PESTICIDE LABEL CAREFULLY, FOLLOW ALL MIXING AND APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS AND WEAR ALL RECOMMENDED PERSONAL PROTECTIVE GEAR AND CLOTHING. CONTACT YOUR STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOR ANY ADDITIONAL PESTICIDE USE REQUIREMENTS, RESTRICTIONS OR RECOMMENDATIONS. MENTION OF PESTICIDE PRODUCTS ON THIS WEB SITE DOES NOT CONSTITUTE ENDORSEMENT OF ANY MATERIAL.

Text References


www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/poison/Nandido.htm,
http://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheets/HGIC1071.htm, http://aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu/nandom.html
Miller, James H. Nonnative Invasive Plants of Southern Forests- A Field Guide for Identification and Control, FS SRS=62. P. 27 & 79,
http://plants.usda.gov, www.forestryimages.org, http://hort.ifas.ufl.edu/shrubs/NANDOMA.PDF

Online Resources

USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area, Forest Health Protection's Invasive Plants Website - http://www.na.fs.fed.us/fhp/invasive%5Fplants/weeds

Search Online

Google Search: Nandina domestica
Google Images: Nandina domestica
NatureServe Explorer: Nandina domestica
USDA Plants: Nandina domestica
Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States: Nandina domestica
Bugwood Network Images: Nandina domestica

Last Updated: 2004-06-02 by EEE
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