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Centruroides gracilis
Florida Bark Scorpion
Synonym(s): Slender Brown Scorpion and Brown Bark Scorpion
Class: Arachnida
Order: Scorpiones
Family: Buthidae
Photographer: Jan Ove Rein
Source:
Description
Adult Description: The adult male Florida bark scorpion (Centruroides gracilis) is large, measuring 50-153mm compared to the adult female C. gracilis which ranges from 60-100mm in length. The Florida bark scorpion is usually reddish brown, but can range from black, red, to brown, with or without bands or markings of red, yellow, brown, black, or orange. Adults can differ in color from offspring.
Larva Description: Newborn (nymphs) are small and pale at birth, but begin takin on adult characteristics after the first molt. Males and females mature at different rates. The female nymph reaches maturity after the 7th instar while the male is matre at the onset of the 6th instar.
Host Plant: None.
Ecological Threat: Centruroides gracilis is venomous, but is not considered dangerous or deadly. The venom can cause pain, redness, itching, and/or swelling. As a result minimal research has been conducted on this species. However, it is still considered a threat to safety because it is venomous and will take up residence in homes.
Biology: The gestation period for this species varies from several months to over a year. Females give birth to 25-35 young. After birth, the young climb and attach to the mothers back where they remain until the first molt (about one week). After the first molt, they become independent of the mother, and molt 5-7 additional times before reaching maturity.
History: It is thought that this species was introduced from the tropics by boat.
U.S. Habitat: In the tropics (where native) this species is found in tropical forests hiding under rocks and bark. In the United States (where introduced) C. gracilis can be found hiding under stones, or wood piles, and inside or outside buildings and houses.
Distribution
Native Origin: Tropics.
U.S. Present: Currently C. gracilis can found in southern states where the climate remains tropical for most of the year.
Distribution in Texas: C. gracilis can be found in all of Texas, but has been studied in Lubbock.
Resembles
Other scorpions in the same family Buthidae
Management
Centruroides gracilis should be handled with care if found. This species survives well in captivity and is a common aquarium pet. Pesticides are available and the most effective method of control.
SEARCH Online
Google Search: Centruroides gracilis
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Bugwood Network Images: Centruroides gracilis
Text References
Francke, O. and S. Jones 1982. The life history of Centruroides gracilis (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Journal of Arachnol., 10 :223-239
Internet Sources
http://www.ntnu.no/ub
http://bugguide.net
http://okeechobee.ifas.ufl.edu
Data Source
